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Essay editing service Correct spelling and grammar mistakes Improve academic English Personal feedback on your essay Scribbr benefits Academic writing specialists 24/7 availability – 365 days per year Average review score of 9.7 Are you an ESL student? We specialize in correcting essays and papers written by non-native English speakers. Our editors know from experience what...

How to write a literature review

[Article] https://www.scribbr.com/dissertation/literature-review/
A literature review is a survey of scholarly sources (such as books, journal articles, and theses) on a particular topic. It gives an overview of key findings, concepts and developments in relation to a research problem or question. A good literature review doesn’t just summarize sources—it aims to: Analyze, interpret and critically evaluate the literature Synthesize sources to highlight...

Shorten your abstract or summary

[Article] https://www.scribbr.com/academic-writing/shorten-abstract-summary/
You can shorten your abstract by not using cumbersome or excessively long sentences. Avoiding the following five things is an easy way to make your text more concise. 1. Avoid passive sentences Passive sentences are often unnecessarily long. You can easily make them both shorter and clearer by transforming them into active sentences. To make a passive sentence active, reword it so that the...

Using abbreviations and acronyms

[Article] https://www.scribbr.com/academic-writing/abbreviations-and-acronyms/
An abbreviation is a short form of a word or phrase that is usually made by deleting certain letters. In the following sentence, everything underlined is an abbreviation: Dr. Jones, who’s currently undertaking research on DNA, can’t attend the WHO conference being held in the US in Oct. 2016. Not all of the abbreviations used in this example have the same look and feel. This is because while Dr....

CRAAP test: evaluating source credibility

[Article] https://www.scribbr.com/citing-sources/craap-test/
Evaluating the credibility of the sources you use is of key importance to ensure the credibility and reliability of your academic research. California State University developed the CRAAP test to help evaluate the credibility of a source. There are five main considerations: Currency: Is the information up-to-date? Relevance: Is the information relevant and of a level appropriate for your...

Scribbr Plagiarism Checker

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Why isn’t it free? We don’t store, publish or sell your work The most advanced plagiarism software available 24/7 support (with no wait) No hidden costs Scribbr uses the same Ephorus plagiarism software as hundreds of universities around the globe. Your document will be compared to billions of sources from the internet and scientific journal databases. The check will highlight...

MLA titles

[Article] https://www.scribbr.com/mla/titles/
In MLA, source titles must be either italicized or enclosed in quotation marks. There are also specific rules for capitalization and punctuation. The formatting depends on whether the source forms part of a longer work or not. Place in quotation marks Italicize Book chapters Web pages News articles Journal articles Episodes of a TV show Magazine articles Songs Short stories Poems YouTube video...

How to use APA style abbreviations in your dissertation

[Article] https://www.scribbr.com/apa-style/use-apa-style-abbreviations-dissertation/
Javier Morales Mediano Hi Bas, Thank you for your post. I still have one question. How do you deal with abbreviations of foreign terminology? When putting it in the List of Abbreviations, should I put the orginal meaning? The translation? Both? Original one and then the translation in brackets? The other way around? Regards, Javier. Bas Swaen Hi Javier, I would write the one you are using in...

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